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First Comics was an American comic-book publisher that was active from 1983 to 1991, known for titles like ''American Flagg!'', ''Grimjack'', ''Nexus'', ''Badger'', ''Dreadstar'', and ''Jon Sable''. Along with competitors like Pacific Comics and Eclipse Comics, First took early advantage of the growing direct market, attracting a number of writers and artists from DC and Marvel to produce creator-owned titles, which, as they were not subject to the Comics Code, were free to feature more mature content. ==History== Based in Evanston, Illinois, First Comics was co-founded by Ken F. Levin〔Phegley, Kiel. ("CBR News: EXCLUSIVE: Levin On Relaunching First Comics," ) Comic Book Resource (July 14, 2011).〕 and Mike Gold. It launched in 1983 with a line-up of creators including Frank Brunner, Mike Grell, Howard Chaykin, Joe Staton, Steven Grant, Timothy Truman, and Jim Starlin. In 1984, First acquired all the titles of the short-lived publisher Capital Comics, including Mike Baron's action/superhero/fantasy/comedy series ''Badger'', and Baron and Steve Rude's space-superhero series ''Nexus''. Among First's best-known titles were Chaykin's satirical futuristic cop series ''American Flagg''; John Ostrander and Tim Truman's ''Grimjack''; Baron & Rude's ''Nexus''; ''Badger''; Jim Starlin's space opera series ''Dreadstar'' and Mike Grell's ''Jon Sable'', which was briefly adapted for TV. In 1984, the publisher sued industry giant Marvel Comics, claiming that Marvel flooded the market with new titles in 1983 specifically to shut out First and other new companies. In the same lawsuit, First also sued printer World Color Press for anti-competitive activities, claiming the printer undercharged Marvel for its business, and in return overcharged First and its fellow independents.〔"First Comics Sues Marvel Comics for Anti-Competitive Activities," ''The Comics Journal'' #89 (May 1984), p. 8.〕〔Goodrich, Chris. "Captain America, Get a Lawyer!: An upstart comic book publisher sues mighty Marvel Comics," ''San Francisco Chronicle'' (01 June 1986), p. 9.〕 The suit took up much of the mid-1980s before finally being resolved in the spring of 1988.〔"First vs. Marvel and World Color," ''The Comics Journal'' #102 (September 1985), pp. 11-14.〕〔"First Awaits Court Verdict," ''The Comics Journal'' #121 (April 1988), p. 8: lawsuit involving First Comics, Marvel Comics, and printing of comics, and World Color Press.〕 The company moved to Chicago in 1985. Mike Gold, one of First's founders, served as the company president until late 1985;〔"Mike Gold Leaves First Presidential Post" ''The Comics Journal'' #103 (November 1985), pp. 14-15.〕 Gold soon moved to New York to become a senior editor at DC Comics.〔"Mike Gold Leaves First Comics to Become Senior Editor at DC," ''The Comics Journal'' #105 (February 1986), p. 27.〕 Gold later used his First Comics connections to bring Grell, Chaykin, and Truman over to DC to create memorable series like ''Green Arrow: The Longbow Hunters'', ''Blackhawk'', and ''Hawkworld''. From 1985–1988, First published Peter B. Gillis and Mike Saenz's digital comic ''Shatter'', the first commercially published all-digital comic book. In 1986, despite its success with the direct market, First experimented with newsstand distribution.〔"Editorial: First Comics to Experiment with Newsstand Distribution this Spring," ''The Comics Journal'' #107 (April 1986), pp. 14-15.〕 Later that same year, the publisher found itself in the middle of the industry-wide debate about creators' rights.〔"First Comics Pays Up," ''The Comics Journal'' #110 (August 1986), pp. 9-10: On creators' rights.〕 (Clashes with DC Comics, First, and other publishers on this issue led in part to the drafting of the Creator's Bill of Rights signed by Scott McCloud, Kevin Eastman, Peter Laird, Dave Sim, Rick Veitch, and other comics creators in late 1988.) First also published a series of comic adaptations of the ''Eternal Champion'' books by Michael Moorcock and English translations of the Japanese manga series ''Lone Wolf and Cub''. The company's final major project was a revival of ''Classics Illustrated''.〔"First Comics Revives ''Classics Illustrated''," ''The Comics Journal'' #120 (March 1988), p. 12.〕〔"First Comics Revives ''Classics Illustrated'' in January," ''The Comics Journal'' #132 (November 1989), p. 23.〕 The company partnered with Berkley Books (then Berkley Publishing Group) to acquire the rights, and ''Classics Illustrated'' returned with new adaptations and a line-up of artists that included Kyle Baker, Dean Motter, Mike Ploog, P. Craig Russell, Bill Sienkiewicz, Joe Staton, Rick Geary, and Gahan Wilson. However, the line lasted only a little over a year. First Comics ceased publishing in 1991, and closed their doors for good in early 1992.〔"Newswatch: First Closes Offices," ''The Comics Journal'' #148 (February 1992), p. 27.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「First Comics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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